I’ve scraped the mud and gravel out of my steel-toed
Keene’s the best that I can, and tug the plastic shoe condoms over the top to
try to contain the mess. I know it’s an effort in futility. I’m just making a
short stop back at camp to grab a cup of hot tea from the break room (spike
rooms are what we call them), use the head, make some calls from my office,
then head back out into the field. I’m coated, head to toe in mud. Not unusual
this time of year. Most people assume that the dead of winter in the arctic is
what I dread most. The time of year when we’re hitting temperatures of 20, 30,
40 and even 50 below. The coldest I ever worked in up at Prudhoe was ambient
-65 with a windchill of -85. When it gets that cold, they suspend all outside
work. Emergencies only. It’s because exposed skin can freeze in less than five
minutes, and breathing air that cold can damage the lungs.
Nope. The time of year I dread are the shoulder
seasons, late spring and early fall. The time of year when we’re in cyclic freeze
and thaw. We can see temperatures at night in the minus teens, only to swing up
to above freezing during the day. Meanwhile, the sun is shining almost 18 hours
a day, 12 hours of it direct on the snow. This causes the top layers of snow
and gravel to melt. The pads and roads turn into a quagmire of mud. Even though
we are theoretically below freezing most of the day. This wreaks havoc on our
equipment, particularly our electrical infrastructure. The winds blow the mud
onto the powerlines, causing short circuits and outages. The permafrost heaves
and jacks, causing buried cable to stress and snap. The crews then have to dig
it up and repair it. I can count on being out in the field most of the day,
answering trouble calls with the line crews in addition to my normal field
engineering duties.
I make my way down the hallway of the old ATCO
trailers that make up the office complexes. This bolted-together relic from the
pipeline days, with wooden paneling lining the walls that was the height of
decoration in the mid-70’s has seen better days, but there’s no where else I’d
rather work.
The heat is cranked in the building and I unzip my
muddy jacket as I carry my hardhat and ice grips down the hall, feet dragging
with exhaustion after being out in the field all morning. Coming down the
hallway I see her and she sees me. I’m suddenly self-conscious of my messy
braid that I threw together 8 hours ago when I climbed out of bed in camp when
my radio went off.
She flips her perfectly flat-ironed long blonde hair
as she struts down the hall in painted on denim and 4-inch-high heels. I’m not
sure which glitters more under the old florescent lights; her long, dangling
earrings, her pink shellacked nails, or her glossed lips that are curled up in
a smirk as she sees me.
Can’t avoid her, there’s no where else to go, so I
smile back despite my weariness and I feel a flush rising to my cheeks as she
looks me up and down and begins to laugh.
“OH—My—God, Daniella. What happened?” she says,
putting her hands to her face.
I don’t have to look down at my mud-spattered FRC
pants and shirt to know what she’s talking about. “I’ve been out in the field,
working.” I reply, trying to extract myself from this awkward conversation.
She rolls her eyes. “You look terrible. Thank god I
don’t have to go out in the field and get all—dirty.”
“Sure,” I reply. I hold my head high and I keep
walking. I have a job to do.
I want to say a lot of things, but I bite my tongue.
Why? Because I’ve been there before, and it would be like talking to a brick
wall. I’ve had lunch with this woman (and talks with others like her). This is
the same woman who complains that she doesn’t make enough money in her job and
wishes she could make more. When I tell her or others like her they could
become a technician or an operator with only a two-year degree and make more
than I do, and have better job security, here are the excuses I hear:
Oh, but that’s so hard
I don’t have time for that
That’s a lot of physical labor
I don’t want to have to get dirty
I want to be able to dress pretty and
feminine for work, I don’t want to have to dress so drab (like you)
That takes a lot of math, and math is hard
I don’t want to be out in the cold or bad
weather
I get it. I really do. Everyone has certain choices
and expectations in life. Many of those, unfortunately are culturally embedded.
But I know this. The choices we make or don’t make define our careers, our
lives and our financial situations.
We see a lot nowadays about following our passions,
pursuing our dreams. That chasing money is going to lead to a life of misery.
At the same time, we don’t hear enough as women about choosing a career that
can make us financially independent and stable. I was able to find that in my
multiple iterations of careers in STEM. Some would argue that I was lucky
somehow, I was born good at math and science. I would argue to the contrary. My
luck was that I had educators early on that instilled in me a desire to learn
despite the fact that it was difficult. That it didn’t matter whether I was a
boy or a girl, that I just needed to apply myself. My other stroke of luck may
have been my father. I had a father who was a power plant operator and a
mechanic on the side. He would let me come into the plant with him on payday to
pick up his check, and explain to me what the big generators and relays were
doing. He would let me watch him work on cars (and even sometimes help). This
instilled a curiosity about machinery and electricity that lives in me to this
day.
I’m only a good engineer because I started out as a
good technician. I worked my way to where I am now because I wasn’t afraid to
get dirty and do a physical job. As a result, I can actually afford those nice
shoes and life I want when I am not in the field covered in mud. I don’t have
to rely on a man to finance it for me. I was able to chose a man to be in my
life because I wanted to be with him and he wanted to be with me.
Due to medical circumstances beyond my control, I
eventually couldn’t do the hard, physical part of the job anymore, but the
solid technical foundation I had laid carried forward into the rest of my
career, and made me the competent, highly qualified engineer that I am today.
How to get me to, sign up for your newsletter, buy your book
(hint: it’s not by blasting me with, “BUY MY BOOK!!!”), and review it, a short
blog
So I decided to repost this blog in light of the fact that I am currently working on a few reviews an I had an argument online with someone about posting bad reviews. I mentioned that I would never post a bad review. The person stated:
“Isn’t that your job?”
No, actually. I don’t get paid to write reviews. I carefully select whose books I choose to buy or ARC read. By the time I am reading someone’s book, I have a pretty good idea of what I am getting into. They may not all be 5 stars, but they are going to be good.
So if you’re curious, see what gets me to read and review your book below:
So I joined Twitter back in March of 2018 as a means to
reach out and connect with other writers. For the longest time, I wrote in a
sort of bubble. I would fill notebooks with my writing and after a while,
discard them. Believe it or not, this made me incredibly happy. I wrote for my
own mental health reasons, and it was highly entertaining and enjoyable. If I
wasn’t writing, I was reading, and vice versa. A few years back, after reading
a few particularly poorly written novels I had picked up at the airport by “Big
Name, Best-Sellers,” I got to thinking, I can do better than this. Why don’t I
at least try to get what I write published. I write because it makes me happy,
but why don’t I want to share it?
So I set out, learning everything I could about getting my
work published. I was a little leery of social media in general, and Twitter in
particular (isn’t this just another time-suck?), but I decided to give it a go.
I’m really happy that I did. It has enabled me to connect with a whole world of
authors, editors, bloggers and just people that I never realized existed. It has
been a fun time.
Meanwhile, I see a lot of people out there shot gunning
everyone with their ads for buying their book. I can’t speak for everyone, but
I am going to let you in on what makes me hit the buy button, or even drives me
to follow a person, then go to their website and stalk…I mean sign up for their
newsletter, and then buy their book. It’s two things really:
CONTENT
INTERACTION
I typically follow people for the two reasons I mentioned
above. If I see lots of tweets and content that intrigue me, I will follow a
person, even if they don’t follow me back, even if it is a genre I don’t
usually read. If someone is following me, commenting on what I post and interacting
on a regular basis, I will follow. I will also follow based on recommendations
from other writers that I follow whose work I admire. At the same time, if I
follow for a while and get no interaction in return, I eventually pull the
plug. I really do want to connect with writers whose works I want to read, not
just people out to boost their following or sell books.
The FOLLOW/UNFOLLOW Crowd
Ah, you clever, clever folk. I do try to follow those who
follow me and interact. But yes, I do go back and check for these people. You are
not as smart or clever as you think. And yes, if I realize you only followed me
to boost your numbers then quickly unfollowed me, I will totally unfollow. In
the most egregious cases, I will even block.
**I do realize that some people unfollowed me because they
just didn’t like what I had to say. I can handle that as well. I think that is
completely fair.
PURCHASE
What gets me to sign up for a newsletter or purchase a book?
Once again, content. Yes, I know it is discouraging to tweet and no one likes
it, or even just a few people like it. Look at it as laying your foundation. I
know I want to see a solid basis of content. This helps me get an idea of what
I am getting into when it comes to someone’s writing. It starts with tweets.
Once they get me hooked, I investigate their website. If I like what I see, I
sign up for their blog. If I really like that, I start stalking their book
release.
REVIEWS
I will never, ever write a bad review. I care too much about the people I follow. If I just can’t bring myself to write a review because I disliked the book that much, I will reach out to the author (assuming we have a close relationship) and give them my thoughts privately. If anyone has ever read one of my reviews, you’ll know that I put a lot of time and effort into it. Why? I am a writer myself, I understand the time and effort it takes to write something, good or bad. I don’t like reading reviews that just say, “This book was nice.” (I hate the word nice, but that is another blog topic all together) I also don’t believe in doing something by half measures, but that is my own nature.
So there you have it, my writing friends. Obviously, these are my thoughts and mine alone. But this is exactly how you get me to but your book. Not an ad, not a DM spam. Good luck with your writing, and I’ll be stalking…I mean checking out your Tweets and websites. My book review next week will be Michael Nadeau’s fantasy novel, The Darkness Returns
In honor of mine and DK’s collaboration, I decided to repost a few of my older blogs about the history and background of Chicken, AK. This post is about the general history of the area (and partly how Ray and I came to have a cabin out there). My next post will talk about some of the amenities available in the region (hint: there aren’t many).
As many of you who follow me know, we have a cabin in the interior of Alaska in a little community called Chicken. I have posted from time to time about how Chicken came to be named Chicken, and about our development of our little piece of paradise away from it all.
Since I have now started writing a few novels and novellas set in the interior of Alaska, in the region that Ray and I call home during the summer months, we decided to put together a timeline of sorts. We want to explain what brought people to this remote region in the first place.
Many people will respond, “the Yukon-Klondike Gold Rush, right?” Actually, no. Gold was discovered in the 40-mile region almost ten years before the Bonanza strike on the Canada side.
Many people will respond, “the Yukon-Klondike Gold Rush, right?” Actually, no. Gold was discovered in the 40-mile region almost ten years before the Bonanza strike on the Canada side.
Here is a timeline of mining in the 40-mile region:
Timeline Chicken,
Alaska and Klondike Gold Rush Timeline
25 – 45,000
years ago – Bones of animals were discovered with obvious human tool marks
around the area that is now the Yukon Territory and north-central Alaska. The
Native people lived in this remote region, never visited by Western culture
until the mid-1800’s.
1867 – June
20th, Alaska is proclaimed as a possession of the United States
after its purchase from Russia. For the first ten years after the purchase,
Sitka was the only settlement in Alaska inhabited by American settlers.
1873 – Gold
was discovered near Sitka, Alaska.
1874 – The
Alaska Commercial Company established a trading post called Fort Reliance along
the north-east bank of the Yukon River. It was built to trade with the Han Natives
for furs and provide them with provisions in return. The builders of the
trading post thought they were in the U.S. However, they were actually in the
Yukon Territory of Canada, approximately eight miles downriver from where
Dawson City is located today. (Dawson City did not exist then). The trading
post operated until 1877 when they were robbed by some of the Han Natives. The
trading post supplied a few prospectors that were exploring the Stewart River
area in Canada for gold.
1874 –
“Belle Isle” is established along the southern bank of the Yukon River eight
miles downriver from the Canadian border. A few cabins were built by a large
bluff. “Belle Isle” would eventually grow and be renamed Eagle.
1880 – The
U.S. government’s 1880 Census reports that Fort Reliance had 83 residents. One
person was white and 82 were of the Tinneh Tribe. Erroneously, Fort Reliance
was in fact 50 miles east of the Alaska/Canada boarder and well within Canadian
jurisdiction.
1880 – Gold
was discovered in Juneau, Alaska.
1883 – Ed
Schieffelin found gold dust along the Yukon River, below the mouth of the
Fortymile River. Word got out that there may be opportunities for prospectors
in the area. Prospectors slowly moved into the region.
1884 – On
May 17th, the District of Alaska is established by the United States
Government.
1886 – An
expedition up the Fortymile River found good-sized gold in Franklin Creek and
within a sand bar south of Franklin Creek in the Fortymile River. Word slowly
got out that gold of producible value had been located in the Fortymile
drainage.
1886 – The
Alaska Commercial Company establishes a trading post at the mouth of the
Fortymile River where it meets the Yukon River. This was the first official
town in Canada’s Yukon! Fortymile was named as it was approximately 40 miles
downstream of Fort Reliance on the Yukon River.
1887 –
Prospectors started arriving and spreading out into the Fortymile region.
Supplies could be purchased at the village of Fortymile and boats could be
poled and pulled up the Fortymile River.
1887 – The
Anglican Church established the first mission school in the Yukon at the town
of Fortymile.
1887 –
George M. Dawson, a geologist for the Geological Survey of Canada, explored and
mapped the upper Yukon River drainage. At that time, he and his assistant were
the first white people to go into that region of Canada. The First Nations
people were there for approximately 12,000 years previously.
1891 –
Prospectors not finding suitable staking locations along Walker Fork or
Franklin make the gradual progression around Chicken Ridge on the river. Gold
of producible value was found in Chicken Creek. Prospectors build cabins and a
town appears almost overnight. A shorter over-land route from Franklin to
Chicken was established over Chicken Ridge.
1892 – 1896
– More prospectors started arriving in the Fortymile district. Most of the good
locations for placer mining had already been staked and/or in production.
Prospectors started going farther up the Yukon River into Canada looking for
gold.
1890’s – The
town of Boundary was established adjacent to the Canadian border, north of The
Walker Fork of the Forty Mile River. The Walker Fork had many successful placer
mining claims.
1893 – Gold
was discovered near Birch Creek in the Circle Mining District. Some area miners
left, speculating for better opportunities than in the Fortymile area.
1896 – On
August 16th, an American named George Carmack, his Tagish wife Kate
Carmack, her brother Skookum Jim, and their nephew Dawson Charlie, discovered
gold on Rabbit Creek. They staked four claims along the creek. They decided to
let George file the claims as they feared the government might not grant claim
rights to Natives. The Creek became known as Bonanza Creek. Local prospectors flocked
to the area to stake out additional claims.
1897 –
Slightly north of the Bonanza Creek Gold Strike, on the opposite bank from the
confluence of the Klondike and Yukon Rivers, a town was founded. In January,
Joseph Ladue named the town Dawson City after George M. Dawson, who had
previously explored and mapped the area.
1897 – Jack
Wade was established on a creek that was a tributary of the Walker Fork of the
Fortymile River. Supposedly the town received its name because of the two main
miners; Jack and Wade. Jack Wade and Jack Wade Creek are still mined today.
1897 – Gold
from the Dawson City region made its way to America. The steam ships The Excelsior and The Portland, arrived in Seattle and San Francisco with, “a ton of
gold” from the gold fields. The Klondike Goldrush was on!
1897 – Jack
London sails to Alaska with his sister’s husband, Captain James Shepard. They
travelled north to Port Townsend on the “SS Umatilla.” They then transferred to the “City of Topeka”
for the trip up the Inside Passage to Juneau. He probably took a small steamer
from there. Jack arrived in Dawson City. He subsequently developed scurvy, lost
his four front teeth, and was in all-around poor health.
1897-98 –
Over 100,000 people started the rush north to the Klondike. The main route was
from Seattle to Skagway, over the pass, and then down the Yukon River to Dawson
City. The expensive, and easier route was by paddlewheel up the Yukon River
starting out in St. Mary’s, on the western coast of Alaska.
1898 – Over
30,000 stampeders were estimated to have arrived in Dawson City. Most could not
stay as there were limited services, food, and opportunities for employment.
1898 – On
the American side of the Gold Rush, Eagle was the governmental headquarters for
the District of Alaska. To travel to Chicken from Eagle, one took the pioneer
trail from Eagle to Steel Creek. From Steel Creek over Steel Dome to Jack Wade,
from Jack Wade over another ridge and across the Fortymile to Franklin, then up
Franklin Creek and down Chicken Ridge into Chicken.
1898 – Eagle
had a population over 1700 people.
1898 – Jack
London leaves Dawson City and moves back to Oakland, CA. He found no gold other
than the experiences he had to take with him back to America. He left Dawson
City by a “rough boat” down the Yukon River. He passed the abandoned remains of
Fort Reliance, the town of Fortymile, as well as the city of Eagle on his way
to St. Mary’s. There, he got a job on a steamer as a coal stoker to pay for his
passage back to California.
1899 – Fort
Egbert was established in Eagle. The Military Established Martial Law until a
“civil government” could be established. Eagle was the first city in the
interior District of Alaska to be incorporated. It became the District
headquarters for the Territorial Government.
1899 –
Klondike Kate moves to Dawson City, Yukon Territory. She started mining the
miners.
1900 – Judge
James Wickersham was appointed as the District Judge for Alaska by President
William McKinley. The courthouse is still present in Eagle and acts as Eagle’s
Historical Commission headquarters.
1900 – A
military trail and telegraph line started to be built from Eagle to Dawson City
to connect with Canada’s line from Dawson City to Whitehorse. A message in
Eagle could be sent to Whitehorse where it was carried overland to Skagway and
sent my mailship to Seattle. The message was then telegraphed anywhere in the
U.S. The process took five days. The price? 56 cents a word!
1900 – On
July 23rd, Eagle was released from Martial Law.
1901 – In
order to have a U.S. only communications route, the U.S. Army Signal Corps
started to build a telegraph line from Eagle to Valdez, AK. The telegraph line
became known as WAMCATS; the Washington-Alaska Military Cable and Telegraph
System. The trail and telegraph passed Taylor Mountain, about twelve miles west
of Chicken, Alaska. The telegraph line went south to Tanacross. At Tanacross,
one line continued south to Valdez. Another line paralleled the Tanana River down
to the Yukon, and then west to St. Michael, and then north to Nome. From
Valdez, the cable went underwater to the lower 48.
1901 –
Lieutenant William “Billy” Mitchell arrives in Eagle to expedite construction
of the WAMCATS telegraph line.
1901 – The
Post Office opens in Steel Creek, Alaska. Steel Creek was in the U.S., upriver
from the Canadian Village of Fortymile. It was the location of the first
crossing of the Fortymile River on the trail to Chicken.
1902 –
August 24th, The WAMCATS line is completed from Eagle to Valdez.
1902 –
Chicken became the second legally-incorporated city in the interior of the
District of Alaska.
1902 – Jack
London writes, “To Build a Fire.”
1902 – The
Post Office opens in Franklin, formerly known as “Franklin Gulch.”
1903 – Judge
James Wickersham moves the courthouse from Eagle to Fairbanks, Alaska. In May,
Wickersham and four others became the first group to attempt to climb Denali.
They were stopped by a shear vertical wall. The edifice was named by Bradford
Washburn in 1945 as the, “The Wickersham Wall.” With a vertical rise of 9000
feet it is one of the steepest, continuous cliff-faces on earth.
1903 – Jack
London writes, “The Call of the Wild.” He made $2750.00 from the sale of the
book.
1903 – The
Post Office in Chicken opened for business on March 13th.
1903 –
Robert Service is hired by the Canadian Bank of Commerce.
1904 – The
Canadian Bank of Commerce moves Robert Service to Whitehorse, Yukon Territory.
1905 –
Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen drives a sled dog team from the arctic to
Eagle to announce that come spring, when the ice breaks up, they will have
successfully completed the first crossing of the Northwest Passage.
1906 – The
name of the Steel Creek Post Office was rescinded on August 6th and
changed to Steelburg.
1907 –
Robert Service’s “Songs of a Sourdough” is published. In the United States it
was re-named, “The Spell of the Yukon and Other Verses.”
1908 –
Robert Service moves to Dawson City, Yukon Territory.
1908 – Anne
Purdy is born in Prownington, Missouri.
1909 –
Steelburg’s Post Office changes the name back to Steel Creek on April 11th.
1910 – The
Alaska Road Commission constructs a rudimentary road from Eagle to Jack Wade.
The road probably crossed the Fortymile River at Steel Creek.
1911 – Fort
Egbert was abandoned except for a contingent of the Army Signal Corps who
operated WAMCATS as well as a wireless station.
1915 –
WAMCATS was abandoned as radio technology made the need for a land line through
difficult territory obsolete.
19?? Anne
Purdy teaches for three years in Franklin Creek. One year in Chenin. Dot lake
and Eagle 6 -7 years. Ten years in Chicken.
1925 – The
Army Signal Corp’s wireless transmits a message from Nome, Alaska that they
have a diphtheria outbreak. Serum was run from Seward, Alaska to Nome via the
Ididarod Trail. Later that year the wireless station burned to the ground and
the Army presence in Eagle ended.
1926 – The
Alaska Road Commission extends the road from above Jack Wade to Boundary on the
Canadian border. Canada extended their “Ridge Road” west, which was made to access
to the Sixty Mile River mining area, to meet up with the ARC road. This road
would become known as “The Top of the World Highway.” There was still a trail
from Jack Wade to Franklin and Chicken, but no road.
1937 – The
Alaska Gold Dredging Corporation completed moving the Mosquito Fork Dredge,
also known as the “Cowden” or “Lost Chicken,” from the lower 48 to the mouth of
the Mosquito Fork. The dredge started mining the lower reach of the Mosquito Fork
of the Forty Mile River.
1938 – After
two seasons of operation the Mosquito Fork Dredge shuts down. Burning low-grade
coal and wood made the proposition uneconomical.
1940 – A
post office was established in Boundary adjacent to the Canadian border.
1942 – the
Alaska-Canadian Highway (ALCAN Highway) was constructed from Dawson Creek,
British Colombia to Delta Junction, Alaska. The highway passed approximately
seventy miles to the south of Chicken, Alaska.
1945 – The
Post Office in Franklin, Alaska closed. Mail was then sent to Chicken, Alaska.
1949 – The
Post Office discontinued service to Steel Creek on June 1st. Mail
was then sent to the Boundary Post Office.
1953 – The
Taylor Highway was completed from the ALCAN to Jack Wade Junction where it met up
with the pre-existing “Top of the World Highway” to Dawson City, as well as the
Alaska Road Commission road to Eagle. First called “The Fortymile Road” it was
later renamed the Taylor Highway after Ike Taylor, the commissioner of the
Alaska Road Commission from 1932- 1948.
1954 – “Dark
Boundary” is published. This was a fictional account of Anne Purdy’s teaching
experience in Eagle and dealing with the harshness of living in Alaska.
1956 – The
Post Office in Boundary closes. Chicken and Eagle still have operating Post
Offices to this day.
1959 – The
Pedro Dredge, on Pedro Creek north of Fairbanks, is moved to Chicken
piece-by-piece by the owner, The Fairbanks Exploration Company (FE CO.). Using
diesel fuel, instead of coal and wood, this dredge operation proved to be
economically viable.
1967 – In
October, the Pedro Dredge stopped operating and was mothballed. It would never
operate again. However, it had mined 55,000 ounces of gold from Chicken Creek
in eight years.
1972 – Mt.
Warbelow, about 14 miles from downtown Chicken is named after Marvin Warbelow.
Marvin was an Alaskan pioneer bush pilot who flew throughout the Fortymile and
Fairbanks region for over 40 years. Marvin was killed by an explosion while
repainting an airplane. Both Warbelow Air and 40 Mile Air services were founded
by Marvin.
1976 –
“Tisha” is published. This is a fictional, semi-autobiographical book about
Anne Purdy teaching in Chicken and her struggles with the locals and prejudice
against the Native people.
1998 – The
Pedro Dredge was moved to its current location at the Chicken Gold Camp and
Outpost.
2004 – The
Taylor Complex fire burns over six million acres in Alaska, including Areas
north and south of Chicken.
2004 – The
Airforce builds the Taylor Mountain LRR (Long Range Radar) System on the summit
of Taylor Mountain. The radar is used for military and commercial purposes. It
is a Lockheed TPS-77 L-band linear array with an array of 34 X 34 sensors.
2005 – The
Pedro Dredge opened for tours by the public.
2006 – Raymond
and Byron Shepard explore the Chicken area for staking opportunities for the
State of Alaska Recreational Land Program. Arthur and Barbara Shepherd assist
Ray in staking, brushing lines, and surveying approximately 12 acres.
2009 –
Construction of the Shepard’s cabin in Chicken commences.
2016 –
Raymond and Daniella purchase an additional, adjacent property giving them 30
continuous acres in Chicken.
2017 – Cornucopia and Alaskana Teliquana are the first two sculptures installed at the cabin.
Thanks for reading everyone. My next post tonight will be about some of the amenities available in Chicken and this week’s prompt word for Friday’s game.
Since Stephen’s newest novella, Urban Gothic was just released at the beginning of March, I was asked to re-publish this post (not by Stephen or Kyanite Press, but by others who are interested in his writing). I have a copy of Urban Gothic and plan to do a full review at the end of March. Stay tuned. But for now, here is my review of his short story…
Two things came to mind as I began to read Stephen Coghlan’s: Last Ride of the Inferno Train from the Kyanite Press Winter Digest
“I have become death, the destroyer of worlds.” -J Robert Oppenheimer, quoting the Bhagavad Gita
John Fogerty-Train of Fools
This train left the station
Quarter past midnight
A hundred souls taking their last ride
Each of them a traveler
Drifting through this life
Silent shadows passing in the night
Ride ride ride train of fools
One will take a journey
With eyes that cannot see
Nothing’s gonna get to him today
One will use her beauty
And take just what she please
She’ll lose it all when beauty fades away
Ride ride ride train of fools
Ride ride ride train of fools
One will be a rich man
At least that’s what he’ll say
Waste his life chasing after gold
One will be addicted
Chained to the devils cross
That one’s gonna die before he’s old
Ride ride ride
Train of fools
This one is a victim A lost and broken child Soon enough he’ll be a man to hate And those that point the finger We’ll also share the blame No one leaves this train judgment day Ride ride ride train of fools Ride ride ride train of fools
Rather than a fairytale, Stephen Coghlan’s: The Last Ride of the Inferno Train, is a unique cross-section of Christian, Greek, Roman, Egyptian and Modern Mythologies. My quote at the beginning may not make much sense at the moment, but it will as the reader travels on the Coghlan’s Inferno Train. The last train bringing the souls of the damned into hell after the destruction of the earth and mankind.
Abandon all hope, ye who enter here!
The first gates of the inferno, Dante’s Divine Comedy
Coghlan does an excellent job of modernizing Dante’s Divine Comedy as we ride this nightmare train with the character the conductor, Charon has dubbed “Mr. VIP.” For those who have never read the Divine Comedy, I will give a basic summary of the Nine levels of Hell below
The train leaves Acheron Station, after having to wait for
more cars, and makes the steep descent into the bowels of hell. In contrast to
Alighieri’s Comedy, where the Poet Virgil is the guide through hell, he chooses
Charon, a figure from Greek mythology to be the conductor of the train. Either
way, it is interesting that a highly Christian text would choose non-Christian
figures as guides for sinners into the underworld.
In traditional mythology, coins are used to pay the ferryman
for passage to the underworld, else the soul is doomed to wander the earthy
side of Acheron for eternity as a ghost. Coglan twists the tale here. Instead,
Charon reaches in and rips out the heart of each passenger determining which
stop the passenger must alight (or be plucked). This is a nod to Egyptian
Mythology and the weighing of the heart by Anubis in the underworld.
In Egyptian mythology, when you died, you passed through the hall of Maat. Anubis weighed your heart against a feather while Ammut (with the head of a crocodile) stood by watching. If it was light, you passed. If it was heavy from the sins of your life, Ammut swooped in and gobbled up your soul.
As previously mentioned, Coghlan paints a dark and vivid picture of the nine levels of hell as witness by our narrator, Mr. VIP. I highly enjoyed the modern twists and gut-wrenching descriptions of Coglan’s version of hell. I included a link and a summary of the general description of the nine circles (levels) of hell.
1st Limbo-Unbaptized babies and virtuous
non-Christians
2nd Lustful
3rd Gluttony
4th Greed
5th Wrath
6th Heresy
7th Violence
8th Fraudulent
9th Traitors, Betrayers, Mutineers
In addition to his descriptions, Coghlan’s use of dark and snarky humor on the part of Charon I found highly entertaining.
“Oh God! Oh God! Oh God!” A woman near the back of the car starts saying.
Charon sneers, “Now, now, it’s a little late for that, isn’t it?”
But as the train finally derails in the lowest level of hell, Charon takes the arm of our narrator, guiding him towards his ultimate fate. Why was he special? Why was this the LAST ride of the train?
Above
all, I hear the conductor sigh, “Well it’s retirement for me, whatever will I
do with myself?”
Humanity has ended, on the slope down into hell, this train
passed the forest of the suicides without stopping. Why? No one on the train perished
by their own hand. One man was responsible, our narrator. He unleashed the
ultimate weapon, the one we all dread, The firebomb that destroyed the world.
This has special meaning to me, having studied physics extensively and worked in the nuclear field on the power side of things. Reading about the Manhattan Project and the scientists who created the atomic bomb, their humility, fear and sometimes loathing at what they had done humbles me. These were some of the brightest minds not only of the time, but possibly ever assembled. They created this monster, this ultimate Frankenstein because they felt they had to. They knew that the Nazi’s had just as capable and brilliant scientists and the race was on to see who could get it first. It is truly terrifying to realize how close we came to losing the race. But then, like the creatures in Pandora’s box, once opened it cannot be merely forgotten and put back away where no one can access it. In a terrifying twist, it is not the brilliant minds who created it, who understand the power of what they have done that control this weapon. It is now the politicians and the warmongers, fingers twitching for more power. Eager to threaten to hit the button, not understanding the magnitude of what can be unleashed.
I have included the interview of J Robert Oppenheimer, head of the Manhattan Project
“In some sort of crude sense which no vulgarity, no humour, no overstatements can quite extinguish,” he said two years after the Trinity explosion, “the physicists have known sin; and this is a knowledge which they cannot lose.” – J Robert Oppenheimer
At the end I have to ask myself, what is worse? The leaders eager for more power? Or we the people, who sit by indifferent and give it to them, thinking the responsibility for the consequences are someone else’s problem.
A fantastic and thought provoking read. I can’t wait to dig into some of his other work. I have included a link to his website below.
To preface this tale, I grew up in what is possibly one of the most boing parts of California imaginable, Victorville, CA. Just recently, we made the top 10 of worst cities in California in which to live.
I think this list is biased personally, how did we beat San Bernardino this year? Really?
Meanwhile, I spent a lot of time hiking, camping and exploring out in the desert. My mom and her mother came to Victorville in the late 1950’s when there was even less there. My grandmother and the rest of the family were migrant workers during the great depression in California. They had many intriguing tales that they had picked up over the years about the desert and why things were the way they were.
But one legend I remember hearing over and over as a child was the legend of the Four Skulls. My grandmother and later my mother always joked, because of strange occurrences at our house and in our backyard, one of the four skulls must be buried under the house.
This of course fired mine and my cousin Jacob’s imagination. We would dare each other at night to go out back and touch the tamarack tree (that’s where we were sure it was buried). On every adventure out into the desert we would speculate on whether we would find a skull and bring about the end of the world. I wrote more than one horror story based on this legend I heard growing up.
I don’t know to this day where my grandmother and the great-aunts came up with it. I have not been able to find it written down anywhere in an official version, but if any of my readers have heard this too, please let me know. I would love to compare notes.
The Four Skulls
As told to me by my Great-Aunt Verne
The white man encroached on the desert, digging holes and searching for gold, driving the first people from the land. There was continual slaughter. The white man’s leader sent a message that he wanted to make a treaty, to talk with the tribe and come to an agreement. Four warriors of the tribe left to meet where the river flows though the narrows.
It was a trap. The white man had the four warriors killed, and their heads removed. But the Shaman of the tribe was able to get the four heads back. He laid a curse upon the four heads.
Knowing the white man’s desire for gold, he had the four heads buried in the desert. The curse would be that as each one was dug from the ground, the woes upon the white man would increase. When the final head was pulled, it would bring about the end of the world for the white man. Once wiped from the earth, the first people would emerge again.
Thanks for reading. As previously mentioned, this is a legend my grandmother and great-aunts would tell me growing up. If anyone else has heard a similar tale, I would love to hear it.
Here is my stab at a horror story set in Dawson city during the Yukon-Klondike Gold Rush of 1896-1899.
In 1897, the Excelsior pulled into Seattle with “A ton of gold,” mined from a small tributary of the Yukon River. By summer of 1898, 40,000 “Stampeders” poured into Dawson City, YT. According to the census taken by the Mounties, only about 16,000 decided to tough out the harsh Yukon winter. Of those, only approximately 500 were women. And most were “Ladies of the Evening,” adept at making their fortunes by mining the miners.
Miners were dropping like flies during the long, dark winters. Flu, typhoid, malaria, scarlet fever, small pox and even just the brutal cold were killers. But the most lethal of them all was scurvy. While the British understood that giving their sailors lime or lemon juice prevented scurvy, the underlying mechanism, vitamin C was not understood. Potatoes were a great source of nutrients as well. Miners were known to give whole bags of gold dust in exchange for a good bag of potatoes.
But why don’t we let our imaginations wander? What if something more sinister were stalking this mining town in the subzero darkness? Enjoy the start of my story below.
“How
many so far this week?” she heard Frank ask, as he eyed the frosted burlap
sacks of bodies and coffins stacked against the side of the warehouse. The rough
wooden fence around the gravel yard somewhat protected them from the wolves, bears
and other predators, but not from the relentless wind and snow blowing off the
frozen Yukon River. Nor did it protect them from the smaller creatures, the
voles and mice that decided a body made a great companion for the long, dark
northern winter. Tiny chewed holes in the burlap and wood showed evidence of
their residence. The men ignored such grim realities, much as they had ignored
the perils of coming to the frozen north in pursuit of a golden dream.
“Fuck,
at least twenty,” Joe replied. “They’re dying at a rate of three to four a day,
if not more. All the new construction from the fire back in November depleted
my store of planks. I’m running out of wood for coffins. I’m gonna’ have to
take the sled up the Stewart River tomorrow to the Mill—get more lumber.
They’re starting to stack up in bags.” He motioned to the pile inside the fence
next to his shop with his gloved hand.
“Can’t
believe how bad scurvy’s going ‘round already,” Joe continued as they loaded
bags from the pack teams into the open bay of his warehouse. “That and
dysentery. It’s barely December and men are shittin’ themselves to death in
their cabins. We ain’t even hit the real cold months yet. It’s not just
smallpox, typhus, consumptions, or just cold that’s killing ‘em this year.”
“Are
they sure it’s scurvy?” Frank grunted, as he picked up a sack of potatoes and
tossed it. “I’ve heard rumors. Some people are saying its plague. Hear they’re
dropping too fast and too sudden for it to be just mere scurvy or typhoid.”
“Nah,
Frank. Dawson ain’t no different than any other rush town, other than they
built it on a sloppy mudflat. Dysentery and typhoid wouldn’t spread so quick if
they hadn’t—or if men would boil their water long enough. I’ve made too many coffins
in my time and buried too many idiots,” Joe said, pausing to spit off to the
side. “I know scurvy and typhoid when I see it, and these men are rife with it.
Goes from working too hard, eating rotten potatoes and not having a good woman
in your life.”
Both
men laughed. It was a common joke in Dawson City. The lack of women in the
rapidly-built gold-rush town in the Yukon. When the news that the Excelsior had
pulled into Seattle with a ton of gold from the Klondike in the summer of ‘87,
a literal human stampede began. Over a million people made plans to go to the
Yukon, only a hundred thousand made it across the border. By thaw of 1898, a
non-stop stream of humanity flowed into the place the Tr’ondek Hwech’in or Han
once called the “Hammer Water” or the Tron-duick in their language. Overnight
it became the largest city north of Seattle and west of Winnipeg. By the
October freeze-up of the Yukon, only fifteen thousand or so remained. Only five
hundred or so of them women.
Seemed
like even fewer to Helena, being one of the unfortunate few, as she listened to
the two men as they talked and threw sacks of goods. She huddled in the shadow
of the stacks of coffins, tired of their gossip. Yet the strange turn of their
conversation piqued her curiosity.
“But
have you seen their necks? I’ve never heard of scurvy doing that before.” Frank
said, rubbing his own neck beneath his scarf, then his protruding belly. “They’re
purple and bruised. Looks almost like plague. And what about that other guy—the
one the crew brought in from El Dorado creek? The doc at the hospital had to
saw off his legs. They said it looked like bite marks.”
“Scurvy
can make people do some strange shit,” Joe said, shaking his head. “So will the
cold and the dark. Starts to get so some folks. There’s a reason they call it
‘cabin fever.’ They pull out their own teeth and hair and claw and scratch at
themselves. The start to hallucinate when it gets bad. Saw it all the time over
in Steel Creek and Forty-Mile. Hell, that really pretty blonde—Helena? You
know, the one that serves whiskey at the Last Dog? You heard what her husband
did to her back in the fall?”
“No,
what?” Frank asked.
She
coughed, subzero night air clawing at her throat and lungs. She shuffled her
feet and pulled her dead husband’s wool jacket closer around her. They didn’t realize
she was there, standing in the shadows, listening. Otherwise they wouldn’t talk
so freely, but now she was tired of their gossip, she wanted them to just shut
up and finish their work.
They
both looked up, jaws dropping. “Sorry Mrs.—I mean Ms. Olsen,” Joe stammered.
He
would remind her of her single status—he’d only proposed twice since she’d been
widowed. No one in this town of thousands of single men wanted a young woman
like her to remember she had been married once—to a murderous bastard at that. Everyone
glossed that fact over when they spoke to her about the virtues of being
married, how she needed a protector. The fact that her first husband had nearly
beat her to death, and succeeded in killing her unborn baby was a minor detail
in their eyes.
“Please
excuse the foul language,” he said, tugging at his fur cap in the cold night
air.
“Of
course,” she replied with a nod, wrapping her thick blue knit scarf closer
around her face, as if it would offer some protection from their scrutiny. The
two men gaped at her for a moment longer—all of the men in the town did. She
stiffened her back, wrapping her arms around her chest. She clenched her jaw,
dying to tell them to stop staring, knowing it would do no good. She knew
exactly what they were looking at. She tugged her wool cap closer over her
platinum blonde curls, the rough fabric of her scarf scratching against the
fair skin of her cheeks and forehead. Her porcelain-white skin always turned
rosy with cold—courtesy of her Danish ancestry. She chafed her arms, digging
her fingers into the fabric of her dead husband’s thick wool coat as Joe’s eyes
roved over her. Even with the multiple layers of clothing, she felt him
undressing her with his mind.
She
supposed she was pretty; she couldn’t remember the last time she felt even
close to that. Here in this strange frozen world, she felt like some sort of
freak on display. At the saloon every night, men called her lots of things:
pretty, beautiful, a goddess. The “Angel of Dawson” was their favorite. She
received at least five if not six proposals over the course of an average
evening from drunk men starved for female attention. It wasn’t hard to be beautiful
in a world with nearly no women. She drew a deep sigh, thinking once more of
her dead bastard of a husband, Charles, and how she’d ended up in this icy,
dark hell.
The
men lowered their voices, occasionally glancing her way. She ignored them, clutching
the heavy, rough coat closer. She trained her eyes on the neat stacks of
crudely constructed caskets. People dead too late in the season to be put into
the frozen ground or hauled away like cargo to be buried in their homelands.
For most, after wasting all their time and money in the desperate search for
gold, there wasn’t enough left for a ticket home in a box, even if the steamers
were running on the frozen Yukon.
After
three months, she didn’t have to count her way to the right one anymore, or
even dust the frost off to read the name inscribed on the side, she knew the
pattern of the warped birch by heart.
She
came here nearly every night if the weather wasn’t bad. She came here to stare
at the coffin and curse his name. She swallowed hard against the bitterness rising
in her throat. Too bad he wasn’t still alive so she could choke him to death
with her own hands for what he’d done to her. Her belly ached in sympathy with
her thoughts. She closed her eyes and put her hand over her already flat
stomach, made even smaller by the tightly laced corset beneath her coarse gray woolen
dress. The purple bruises Charles had left on her skin had faded, but the
memories of that final fatal night never would.
But why? Why did he have to take that
from me too before he died leaving me in this place?
And then the good people of this
shitty mining town had the nerve to put my dead baby in with the bastard.
Every
night she fantasized about wrenching open the casket and ripping the tiny mass
from the dead monster’s arms.
Without
meaning to, she began to listen to the conversation of the two men again.
Probably because it concerned her boss, Gus Bronstein.
“Speaking
of women—have you been to the new ‘parlor’ that’s opened?” Frank asked.
“Nah,
have you?”
“No,
but I walked by there the other night, the old Lewiston place. They’ve renamed
it ‘The Crimson Glove.’ It’s appointment only. Real classy—pretty spendy too.
Not like the whores in Paradise Alley. Bronstein owns the building. He’s
renting it out to this foreigner and his gals. They arrived three weeks ago by
dog sled from Whitehorse. The ladies are something else.”
“That’s
the problem with this town,” Joe said as he tossed another bag into the
warehouse, he paused again. Helena caught his stare out of the corner of her
eye. He adjusted his belt and looked her over. The hair prickled on the back of
her neck. She willed herself to focus on the wooden box.
“Too
many men blowing their load on Hurly-gurdy girls and whiskey, rather than
focusing on hard work. The only way to make it in this town is to mine the
miners and stay away from the cribs and Saloons.”
“Yeah
other than Bronstein and the other saloon owners,” Frank said. “I think you’re
the richest man in town, what with all the coffins.”
“That
and the wood for sluice boxes and construction,” Joe said a smirk playing on
his broad face. “I’ve already got enough orders placed to build new cabins
through next September. They’re going to be popping up like daisies, Here and
along Front street. People rebuilding after November’s fire. You could say I’m
doing pretty good. Even if there are rumors that the boom is over.” He stole
another look at Helena, combing his fingers through his beard.
“Whatta’
ya’ mean?” Frank pausing as he dragged a box of nails off the back of the
wagon.
I should leave. Before Joe gets it
into his head to propose again. Helena thought, crossing
her arms over her chest. The pistol she wore at her side beneath the coat dug
into her hip. Joe took a step her way and opened his mouth as if he were about
to say something. Another voice cut through the blowing wind, attracting Helena’s
attention. Joe scowled and put his hands on his hips for a moment before
stomping away into his warehouse.
“Helena? Helena? What you do out here?” the low, soothing voice scolded from the darkness. A smile came to her lips at the woman’s familiar broken English.
Thanks for reading! I am in the final stages of editing A Drink of Darkness and will start querying soon. The sequel, Cutting the Night, is 50% complete.
Origin stories permeate almost every aspect of our culture, religion writing and art (whether you ascribe to religion or not). A familiar religious origin story from the Bible, when God said in Genesis, “Let there be light.” The Big Bang theory in physics explains the beginnings of our universe in a scientific way. In pop culture, there’s story of how Super Man came from Krypton escaping a dying/exploding planet. Or how Spiderman obtained his powers by being bitten by a special spider. Most recently, I read one about the Shoshone people of Death Valley being carried in a basket by the Coyote Spirit then escaping while he slept.
We as human beings have sought to ascribe meaning to our
origins since the dawn of time. Even the most cynical amongst us wants to
believe there is something magical and special to our existence on this hunk of
rock spinning through space and time. The purpose for our lives must move
beyond just chaos and random events. Even as science has wiped out or
eliminated the magic behind some of these myths and legends, we still want to
believe that magic exists, that there is a special force behind the chaos.
Backgrounds and origins stories in writing are also what
allow for well-rounded characters and story arcs. Typically, a protagonist or
antagonist’s origins drive their motivations, whether good or evil. A writer
quickly loses credibility for creating a character without a solid origin or
backstory. Even if the backstory is not explicitly stated in the story, it must
be hinted at or otherwise implied to help the reader understand the underlying
motivation for the character’s actions.
Mr. Nadeau’s story, the Last Race of Animals is at its heart, an origin story. He uses a blend of three different genres to achieve his goal. Set in his mythical world of Lythinall, a Queen Mother and bard spins a bed-time story, a “Fairytale,” after her precocious daughter demands a “grown-up” story. Nadeau uses the old Aesop’s tale of the Tortoise and the Hare to convey his origin story of the how the “Forest of the Lost” came to be. But the tale is turned twisted in more than the usual way.
Here is where we get into the cross-section of what it means
to be a fairy tale vs. a fable
Edward Clayton of Central Michigan University does an excellent job of expounding on who Aesop was, but also breaking down some of these timeless tales. As he points out in his essay; Herodotus, Plato, Aristophanes and Aristotle all make references to Aesop, but did so centuries after he was purported to exist. Aesop’s life story (as told) is fairly mythical, giving credence that he may not have existed as a single person, but more as an ideal. He was a slave who was born nearly mute and incredibly ugly, but then through his incredible intelligence and cunning was able to rise above his infirmity. Eventually due to his good deeds and intelligence he was granted the gift of speech. Meanwhile, it was eventually his over-confidence in his capabilities that led to his downfall. If you would like to read more about Aesop, please see my link to the article below.
But how does a fable differentiate from a fairytale? A fable
is per Mr. Clayton’s article is usually set in no distinct time or place. It (typically,
though not always) revolves around talking animals to convey a moral, usually
uses allegory and analogies and is relatively short.
Here is where Nadeau does an excellent job of meshing together the realm of the fairytale, the fable and the origin story. As mentioned in a previous blog, a fairytale, though it does teach morality, always incorporates an element of magic. Here Nadeau spins a tale where at one point in the past, when faeries dominated the land, they made it so the animals could talk. At some point, they left the world and their special animals. This gives a start, as to why these animals are special, and can reason and talk like us.
The talking animals are being hunted to extinction by the
humans that don’t understand that they are special and magical. The tortoise,
who is observant and wise, wishes to just lay low and stay in the forest,
watching the humans. The Hare wishes to leave, he’s confident they could follow
the faerie kind to someplace safer. There’s good foreshadowing from the very
beginning of the tale, where you get the feeling that staying in what is now the
“Forrest of the Lost” may not end well for the talking animals. Here is where
the fatal bet is made. The tortoise and the hare make the classic bet of racing
each other, with the caveat if the hare wins, the talking animals leave the
forest. If the Tortoise wins, the animals stay, but the hare must leave and
wander the world of men alone.
So we all know the traditional tale, through his arrogance
and overconfidence, the hare loses. Nadeau brings in a slightly different angle
here. While the hare is most certainly overconfident, that is not entirely his
undoing. He forgets that it is hunting season and is shot in the leg by one of
the human hunters. He manages to limp back to the finish line, long after the
tortoise has run the race. The tortoise, smug, because he knew all along that
it was hunting season, graciously allows the hare to recover from getting his
foot amputated before banishing him to the world.
But here comes the additional twist in the tale. After the hare
leaves, he smells smoke. Looking back at his once home, he sees that it is
ablaze. Retuning to look for his friends, he finds that they have all perished.
In the end, while he lost the race, and his foot he was
lucky to not have lost his life.
Nadeau’s story leaves things open ended for the reader. While
the hare was certainly wrong in being so arrogant and bullying to the tortoise,
was he really so wrong in wanting to leave the forest? Would the hare winning
the bet have led to a better outcome for the talking animals? Did the hare ever
go on to find the place where the faeries “stepped sideways into the moon?”
He has created a unique open-ended twist on the traditional Tortoise and the Hare fable. Can’t wait to read more on his mythical world of Lythinall.
Thanks for reading. Stay tuned, I plan on dissecting Stephen Coglan’s Last Ride of the Inferno Train next.
Admittedly, the first time I read Professor Cognome’s story Lowell’s Second Chance, from Kyanite Press’s Winter’s Digest I was about a bottle of wine in, under the stars in Death Valley enjoying the delicious feeling of tumbling down the rabbit hole. I decided I needed to go back and read it completely sober. My initial impression remains. Not really being a retelling of any particular tale, it’s as if Mark Twain decided to take a bunch of opium and then write his own version of a Mid-Summer Night’s Dream crossed with Alice in Wonderland. Cognome’s short story is a tribute to Francis Cabott Lowell, of Waltham, MA.
Mr. Lowell’s business model for his mill was unique for his era. In a time where there were few to no rights for workers, he recognized that a happy, well-cared for, educated work force actually led to a better profits, less turn-over, a more sustainable business and a better society overall. While he died fairly young, his son continued his legacy and built it into what is known as the “Waltham-Lowell Business Model”
There are many interesting links and studies done on his model of business. If you would like to read more, please check out the one I included, or even the one Professor Cognome included with his story, as I do not mean for this to be a business essay on Lowell, but on Cognome’s highly entertaining tale.
Cognome spins a visually appealing tale. Once into the realm of the fairies, it is the language that captures (and makes me think of Twain, by the by). Fairies “sipping moonlight from a blue forget-me-not blossom.” The “Biggie King” and his “Big Nasty,” and many more. At the risk of spoilers, I will keep my review brief. Marsh Pebble, a sly, powerful fairy is using her magic to attempt to kill the “Biggie King” in the hopes that if he dies, the “Big Nasty” (his mill) will go away and stop destroying their home. Flutterby, the fairy sent to deliver a message of warning about Marsh Pebble’s plan from the Fairy Princess, is not so convinced this is the right path. Cognome weaves a unique dreamscape as his hero and heroine come to a resolution one might not see coming. It’s a story that makes you set your expectations aside.
The seemingly simple tale speaks to a root problem of our time. Like a genie unleashed from a bottle that cannot be easily shoved back in, technology is not easily displaced once people get a taste of it. Whether it is the automobile, social media, or the realm in which I work, electricity; our society has benefited substantially from advances in technology. However, these advances are not without consequence to the world/environment in which we live. I think that we can all agree that no one wants to turn everything off and go back to the stone age. Technology has made our lives better on nearly every level. At the same time, how do we strike the right balance between advancing technology and conserving the world in which we live in? How can we convince governments, businesses and even people as individuals to take ownership of their decisions and how they affect the world around them? Who are the right persons to be the judges? We as human beings are incredibly short-sighted, and for good reason. Let’s face it, we’re also incredibly resistant to change. We often only change when forced to. Our lifespans in the grand scheme of things are short and narrowly focused on surviving.
In Cognome’s story, Marsh Pebble has taken it upon herself to be the judge, jury and executioner for the “Biggie King” and the “Big Nasty.” She’s thoroughly convinced that if she gets rid of him, all their problems will be solved. But as we see too often even in our society, if we eliminate one ill without completely thinking through the consequences, more will pop up, often like the hydra in Greek mythology, waiting with more heads to tear us to shreds.
Now this is possibly an over simplification, but you will get my basic point. Think back to the 1840’s. The world was killing whales tothe point of extinction for the purpose of fuel, perfumes, bones, etc. As the number of whales decreased and prices for whale oil and corsets went up, they started to look for something to replace it. What did they replace it with? Fossil fuels. Flash forward to now as we look around trying to find the next technology to supplant fossil fuels. I hope we take a hard look at what we come up with so a hundred years from now, they aren’t shaking their heads saying, “What were they thinking?”
This was a great read. I love delving into something that onthe surface seems simple but really makes you think. I look forward to readingmore of Professor Cognome’s work.
Trisha Lea’s, The Wolf’s Bane from Kyanite Press’s Winter’s Digest is a fresh take on the classic tale of Little Red Riding Hoodthat falls in step with the current questions revolving around sexual identity and victimization that our society is struggling to come to grips with, as we try to right the wrongs of the past and possibly realize that we cannot. We can never bring back what has been lost to a victim, no matter what we do. How do we temper restitution with revenge? Will revenge actually bring peace for the victim? At what point does hate destroy the victim? Trisha’s short story asks all of these haunting questions.
I always enjoy it when an author completely flips the script on its tail, turning it around and making us question ourselves while we read it. Little Red Riding Hood is also one of my favorite fairy tales to analyze,thanks to a compelling book I read a few years back: Catherine Orenstein’s Little Red Riding Hood Uncloaked: Sex, Morality, and the Evolution of a Fairy Tale.
The original oral tale of a young girl encountering a bzou or werewolf in the woods varies drastically from the version that Charles Perault first published in 1697 (titled Le Petite Chaperon Rouge). The subsequent version published by the Brothers Grimm (titled Rotkappchen) in 1812 varies even more. Throughout the centuries this tale continues to evolve with time and culture, being retold in various ways, from Tex Avery’s Little Red, to Nabokov’s Lolita, Red Riding Hood’s themes of the innocent young girl versus the evil wolf repeat itself throughout our literary and movie themes as we try to transfer our morality onto these two characters.
Catherine Orenstein’s book was written in 2002. If published today, Trisha’s tale, the Wolf’s Bane, would be the next logical step in the progression of the evolution of this tale, given the social context and time that we now live in (#metoo, sexual harassment, etc). As we look around our society and we struggle to come to grips with what masculinity or femininity really means, and we try to right the wrongs of the past and look forward to the future; Trisha flips the traditional script on who is the aggressor, who is the victim and the differences between redemption, peace, salvation and sheer revenge.
From the get go, Trisha paints Red as the hunter, the pursuer. The physical descriptions of Red’s “mane of auburn hair,” her faded maroon leather jacket, her wolfish grin as she closes in on her target puts Red clearly in the driver seat. She is no quivering, innocent little girl, waiting to be rescued. She is a woman, ready and willing to avenge the death of her beloved grandmother. The only thing I would have asked a little more for here is possibly more background of the death of Red’s grandmother, but given the pacing and the need of brevity in this short story, Trisha does a great job of painting a raw, gritty picture of a young woman bent on revenge, come hell or high water.
She does a good job of emasculating the killer. She paints him as haunted, tortured, ready for his death. “Tail between his legs.” Red is torn. She needs to hate him. The humanization of her grandmother’s killer destroys Red’s picture-perfect revenge scenario. She’s fantasized for fifteen years about this moment, killing the werewolf and completing the circle, closing the gap and finding peace. Instead it is the wolf who finds peace, and she is filled with bitterness.
As we continue to evolve as a society, women and men taking on different roles, questioning behaviors and responsibilities of the past, we will have to find a way to deal with wrongs in a responsible way. Can we help victims overcome their trauma without shame or blame? Can we find a way to work together not as opponents, but as people? Or will we let hate and bitterness consume us, convinced salvation lies somewhere else, as Trisha’s character does. She goes forward, looking for another victim, another kill to soothe the bitterness in her soul.
Thanks for reading my opinion on Trisha’s wonderful retelling of this old tale. I’m heading out on vacation leaving the constant shaking of Alaska for Death Valley for a week to go do some star gazing, but the next tale I plan to dissect will be Professor Cognome’s Lowell’s Second Chance
I found out that Hanson Oak, one of my favorite horror authors I follow online is contributing a story to an anthology this fall as part of a charity with Gestalt Media, I decided to update this post and re-publish, as it was one of my first (and favorite) reviews I wrote.
Here is a link to Gestalt Media’s upcoming anthology project:
The genre of myths, legends and fairy tales is one of my favorites to read. I have enjoyed all of the above since I was old enough to check out a book at the library. When I found out that Kyanite Press’s Winter Digest was going to be devoted to this genre I decided to treat myself and settle in for some long nights by the fire in the Alaska darkness, reading one tale a night and analyzing it. Before you ask, yes, I am a total nerd. When I am not writing my own stories, I am reading others.
I decided to begin with The Black Hen Witch, by Hanson Oak. Hanson is one of my favorite authors I follow on twitter writing in the horror/noir genre, and so I was interested to see what he would bring to the realm of the fairy tale.
My original post was shorter and did not contain spoilers. This one does. If you have not yet read his story and are worried about spoilers, please stop here.
His tale is set in 1692 in Massachusetts. For those who are students of American Colonial history, something dark and sinister happened in New England that year. Something that haunts the American psyche to this day. While this craze would spread far beyond Salem like a fever, before it was done, more than 200 people would stand trial for witchcraft, and 20 would lose their lives.
We can look back with the lens of history and judgement and come up with theories as to what led to such horror. Some of it was civil unrest and war in the colonies leading to refugees taxing the local economies. Some scientists speculate that ergot poisoning caused mass hallucinations and hysteria. We also know that many of the accusations were born of jealousy, greed or fear.
Knowing the time and historical setting of the story, and that the premise was an innocent young girl wrongly accused of witchcraft who is thrown together with the “real” witch of the town of Black Hen, I wondered how Hanson might play on some of the above themes. I figured he would use one of the above, along the lines of more famous books set in Puritan New England, like the Scarlet Letter, the Crucible or even the young adult story, The Witch of Black Bird Pond.
I was pleasantly surprised to be wrong on every account. He took the story’s theme in a direction I did not anticipate at all.
Disney claims in their version of “Beauty and the Beast,” that it is a “tale as old as time.” I would beg to differ. Hanson reminds us that there is a much older tale, as old as Eden. He weaves this consistently throughout his entire tale playing on traditional literary archetypes, but twisting them in unexpected ways. It is the tale of parental expectation, and how we as children either disappoint, meet, or exceed what is given to us. Do we reject our parents or accept them? Do they accept or reject us? How does this shape our choices? In particular, Hanson digs into the angst between mothers and daughters. He uses the archetypes of the mother, the crone and the maiden in particular in this tale, but often turns them on their heads.
It is something as human beings that shapes our lives. We cannot escape it, literally fed into us with our mother’s milk. It repeats itself in almost every genre, myth, legend and tale. Go to any modern psychologist, and they will analyze at length your relationship with your parents to help explain how it shapes your present relationships and life.
He starts out by creating the characters who will become the parents of the protagonist, Charlotte. They are the embodiment of the worst of the human vices: greedy, callous, cold, vain. These two people become saddled with a child who does not meet their expectations. First and foremost, Charlotte’s not the strapping boy her wealthy father wanted to carry on his legacy. Secondly, she’s sickly and ugly; the anti-thesis to her mother’s famous beauty.
On some level, the reader can’t truly blame them. Unlike in modern-day America, where most people have children (I realize there are exceptions) because they want a child to love, in the historical era in which the characters live, children are merely tools to carry on their parents legacy. Birth control (beyond the “rhythm method”) was essentially non-existent and for the most part deemed heresy. Life was harsh in the colonies, mortality was high. Life expectancy was around 35-39 years of age, That’s if you made it to adulthood at all. Roughly 35-40% died before the age of 20.
Children were used as cheap labor on farms or were shipped away from their parents at a young age to learn a trade. Obviously written about an era before the “Women’s movement,” a daughter in Colonial America that couldn’t be wed or sent off to work would be considered a horrible burden. A drain on resources.
These two reject their daughter and treat her as sub-human. They stop short of absolute murder, but they do lock her in a damp dark room in the house, barely allowing her to thrive. They get their just desserts in the end. Her heartless father drops dead of a heart attack, then her cold, beautiful mother gets burned to death. I would love for it to have been stretched out longer, made more torturous. Kind of like Joffre in Game of Thrones, I just really wanted more suffering there. Having read some of Hanson’s other writing, I know he’s more than capable, but he was constrained by length. But that just tells you that Hanson succeeded in creating really great despicable characters (which I really enjoy reading). He did a great job creating a fitting end for both parents.
Back to our protagonist, Charlotte. She’s been shut away her whole life, however, someone is mysteriously leaving her food and whispering to her in the dark, making sure she continues to live. Charlotte manages to make it to adulthood despite her illnesses and lack of care from her parents, and seems to find love for a brief time from Christian, the Baker’s son, who she weds.
However, Christian seems to pull away from her not long after they are married to work for her father, and leaves her alone in her dark world of her room again. She’s alone, sick and lost once more.
Now at her lowest point, Charlotte is dragged out of her parents home and accused of being a witch. Her parents look on and do nothing. She calls out to Christian from the cart in which she is imprisoned, and he takes the hand of another woman and turns away.
She’s thrown in with Corta, the real “Witch of Black Hen.” This is where the tale twists again. Hanson does clever job here of spinning the maiden/crone archetypes at this point. Poor Charlotte, for most of the story, has been portrayed as almost a young crone. She’s ugly, sick, hideous, naïve. Meanwhile as soon as Charlotte strikes her bargain with Corta, the withered old hag turns into a beautiful enchanting young woman, something Charlotte has never been.
Meanwhile Hanson delves deeper into the Mother Archetype, and the Mother/Daughter hero’s quest arc in more detail with this twist in the tale. He explores much of the rage, love, bitterness and longing between mothers and daughters as Charlotte is offered a choice by the surrogate mother she never knew she had.
If you haven’t guessed, the mysterious person in the story who whispered in the dark to Charlotte and left her food, caring for her when no one else did, was none other than Corta, the real Witch of Black Hen.
This is where the story comes down to morality of good and evil. Who should get to choose who does the punishing? As previously mentioned, Charlotte is offered a choice. She can choose to give her heart to the Black Hen Witch, and in exchange, receive the answers about herself and her family that have been withheld her entire life. She can exact revenge for the treatment she’s received, or she can choose kindness and love. The question remains, which does she actually choose?
But first, we must answer the question, what type of mother figure is Corta? And what is the mother figure.
The Mother Figure
Carl Jung was one of the first to document the Archetypes in literature. They have been around since the dawn of time, and they repeat themselves throughout all cultures. I have included a few websites in this essay, one on archetypes in general, and one in specific on the mother. I also included an article from Psychology Today: Mothers, Witches and the Power of Archetypes; Dale M Kuschner 2016 (see link further down), which delves deeper into the negative aspects of the Mother Figure, but also explains the reasons behind these negatives.
The Mother figure can be represented in many ways. When she is positive, she is nurturing, loving, supportive. Sometimes the embodiment of wisdom, kindness, fruitfulness. In literature she may not always be represented directly as a mother, but as a guardian or even a goddess. Athena, Greek goddess of wisdom, Mary, the mother of Christ, Ostara goddess of spring are all examples of nurturing loving archetypes.
Then she can be represented in literature in the negative: cruel, withholding, malicious, subversive. A witch, evil, destructive. Kali (Hindi culture), Pele (Polynesian), Hecate (Greek) were portrayed in such a light.
But Jung and others would argue that it is not so much that these characters are evil. They represent a side of stifled femininity that a traditional patriarchal society has suppressed and fears. They fear the powerful and untamable aspects of the feminine that they do not understand. Patriarchal societies have often created rules and laws to control the bodies and behaviors of women.
Mothers that neglect and or reject their children or act in ways that seem evil are not conforming with society’s expectations.
“…all those influences which the literature describes as being exerted on the children do not come from the mother herself, but rather from the archetype projected upon her, which gives her a mythological background and invests her with authority and numinosity.”—Carl Jung, Four Archetypes
Think about modern day America, and the extreme pressure on parents (and mothers in particular) to be perfect and give the best childhood to their children. What was considered acceptable behavior 30 years ago when I was a child would now potentially get a parent arrested for abuse, or at the very least incur the wrath of social media.
I’ll give a simple example. What is considered an acceptable age for a child to walk to school alone? My older sister and I walked by ourselves to the bus stop, by ourselves, from a very young age (I would have been six, she would have been eight). The bus stop was approximately a half mile away, across open fields of desert. We were often accompanied by our neighbors who were the same age. Meanwhile, my own mother was a “latchkey kid.” Her mom was raising her on her own with no support. She was home by herself from about the age of 7.
Now, depending on the state and laws, parents can be arrested for this.
But let’s get back into Hanson’s story and the concept of neglect and societal expectations of parenthood.
In the context and setting of Hanson’s story, while the village at large feels empathy for Charlotte’s situation, no one dares oppose the power her father has over the town by standing up for her. Meanwhile, in the context of time and place, Hanson has still done a great job of establishing Charlotte’s biological mother as merely a beautiful, empty-headed gold-digger with little to no feeling for anyone, let alone her daughter.
Yet the culture of that time would not label Charlotte’s mother as evil. It is a strange irony. She is behaving within the understood cultural boundaries of the time. There is no doubt from our modern perspective that Charlotte is being neglected and treated with unreasonable cruelty. But in the boundaries Colonial America it was perfectly acceptable. As previously stated, it is only when a person (or in particular a woman) strays beyond these bounds that they are labeled as evil, whether they really are or not.
Now we meet Corta, the Black Hen Witch:
“I was the Wind of the Woods, Spirit of the Forest, Shadow of Light, Babba Yagga, and so on. Now they call me witch”-The Black Hen Witch
Corta has been living in the woods, watching the town since its inception. Casting her magic, passing judgment, living outside the boundaries.
From Ms. Kuschner’s article in Psychology Today, I give you a quote which sums up Corta, and indeed any woman who does not conform to the societal norms of her time:
“Among the archetypes, the witch is a fascinating figure. When someone calls another “a witch,” we know exactly what they mean. The witch has powers. She is uncanny and unholy. She lives outside the borders of civilization and has been ostracized because her ways stand in opposition to accepted values, thus challenging our own impulse to conform. To not conform, especially as women, puts us at risk of being called a witch (or the rhyming word that begins with a B).”
And here we come back to parental expectations once more. Corta, unlike Charlotte’s biological mother, chose Charlotte. She has been watching her since birth. One could argue that her expectations are even higher for Charlotte. Corta wants not only wants Charlotte’s love and obedience, but she wants a companion, someone with whom she can share her power.
But as they go through the town, Corta showing Charlotte the answers she seeks and enacting revenge on those who have hurt Charlotte, Corta becomes disappointed that Charlotte doesn’t share her joy and lust in the acts of vengeance. They kill her parents, and the priest who condemned her, all despicable characters, but Charlotte’s kind heart can’t revel in their demise. Then they come to the final answer: Charlotte’s husband, Christian.
Charlotte had already suspected that he didn’t really love her. That he only married her for her father’s wealth and business connections. Her heart breaks when she sees him turn away with another more beautiful woman while she is trapped in the cart, the townspeople demanding she be burned.
Here comes both the climax in the tale and the final truths about love versus hate and good versus evil. Corta almost has Charlotte convinced that Christian never really loved her. That he wanted this other woman, and betrayed her as a witch so he could be free to remarry. Charlotte asks to hear his voice and be near him one last time regardless. Constrained by their bargain, Corta is forced to comply.
This is where we find that Christian loved Charlotte all along. The other woman is his cousin, skilled in healing whom he brought from Boston to try to save Charlotte, but was too late to save her from the accusation of witchcraft.
But who actually accused Charlotte of witchcraft?
The accuser was none other than Corta herself. When she was caught, she accused Charlotte because she claims she didn’t think Charlotte could survive without her.
Now as this is a novella and Hanson didn’t have much space here to delve into the deeper background and psyche of Corta, this portion is rather open ended.
What if Charlotte had never been accused and Christian had been able to save her? Corta would have then lost her “adopted” daughter to her husband, possibly forever, and Corta would have been burned as a witch with no way to regenerate.
If Christian’s cousin had not been able to save Charlotte, and she had died a mere mortal death, Corta still loses Charlotte.
It is both her own selfish love of Charlotte and her image of being the lone savior to Charlotte that drives Corta motives and desires. She wants to be the only love of Charlotte’s life, with no competition. She wants to sever any connection to the physical world that Charlotte has and bind her only to herself. When Charlotte discovers the truth and lashes out at Corta, Corta becomes furious. She begins to reject Charlotte.
This is also where we feel Corta’s true depth and loneliness and realize there is more to Corta’s longing for Charlotte than we know. Charlotte recognizes the true love that Corta has for her (no matter how selfish it may be).
Here is another interesting twist in the tale. In our modern society there tends to be a focus on romantic/erotic love, to the detriment of all others. The ancient Greeks actually defined 7 different types of love. Psychology Today’s article on the subject describes these in detail, written by Neel Burton, MD: These are the Seven Types of Love, June 25, 2016
At end of the tale, Charlotte chooses to go with Corta, begging her true mother to love her and forgive her. The focus becomes the love between mother and daughter. This is defined as “Storge,” in Greek terms. It is related to “Phillia.”
Though that the same time, Hanson acknowledges Charlotte’s continued love for Christian. But it would not be deemed what our society would consider Romantic or Erotic love (“Eros” in Greek Culture). Their love is also more along the lines of “Storge” and “Philia” as defined by the Greek model in the referenced article.
Charlotte’s final request before relinquishing her heart to her true mother is that while the town be wiped from existence, Christian is to be spared. She loves Christian still, but is willing to let go and move on with Corta. The only remnant of the town that exists is the ancient oak tree that once stood at the center, that holds her heart, evergreen.
I really enjoyed this novella. This could easily have been turned into a full-length novel. Maybe Hanson could be convinced to do a novella on Corta, so that we can understand a little more of her origins, desires and motives. Where did she come from? What brought her to New England? Why did she choose Charlotte?
Thanks for sticking with me. If you liked my review, please follow me and check out my other posts. I have been doing a series of posts on the gold rush and the Alaska interior in the 1890’s. My next book review will be of DK Marie’s Fairy Tale Lies.